International maritime signal flags
from INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SIGNALS
GENERAL SIGNAL CODE
Editorial Note: In the "GENERAL SIGNAL CODE (Revised 2020)," multiple codes are listed under "Cross Reference," but these have been omitted here.
Editorial Note: Additionally, there are other omitted data not mentioned above. For details, please refer to the [INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SIGNALS ].
Editorial Note: Additionally, there are other omitted data not mentioned above. For details, please refer to the [INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SIGNALS ].
SECTION 6: METEOROLOGY—WEATHER
CLOUDS
VG
The coverage of low clouds is… (number of octants or eighths of sky covered).
VH
The estimated height of base of low clouds in hundreds of meters is…
VI
What is the coverage of low clouds in octants (eighths of sky covered)?
VI 1
What is the estimated height of base of low clouds in hundreds of meters?
GALE—STORM—TROPICAL STORM
Gale
VJ
Gale (wind force Beaufort 8-9) is expected from direction indicated (Complements Table 3, Chapter 2, Section 10, Page 102).
Storm
VK
Storm (wind force Beaufort 10 or above) is expected from direction indicated (Complements Table 3, Chapter 2, Section 10, Page 102).
Tropical Storm
VL
Tropical storm (cyclone, hurricane, typhoon) is approaching. You should take appropriate precautions.
VM
Tropical storm is centered at… (time indicated) in lat… long… on course… , speed… knots.
VN
Have you latest information of the tropical storm (near lat… long… if necessary)?
ICE—ICEBERGS
Ice
VO
Have you encountered ice?
VP
What is the character of ice, its development, and the effects on navigation?
VQ
Character of ice:
VQ 0
No ice.
VQ 1
New ice (ice crystals, slush or sludge, pancake ice or ice rind).
VQ 2
Young fast ice (5-15 cms thick or rotten fast ice).
VQ 3
Open drift ice (not more than 5/8 of the water surface is covered by ice floes).
VQ 4
A compressed accumulation of sludge (a compressed mass of sludge or pancake ice, the ice cannot spread).
VQ 5
Winter fast ice (more than 15 cms in thickness).
VQ 6
Close drift ice (the area is covered by ice floes to a greater extent than 5/8).
VQ 7
Very close drift ice on open sea.
VQ 8
Pressure ice or big, vast, heavy ice floes.
VQ 9
Shore lead along the coast.
VR
Ice development:
VR 0
No change.
VR 1
Ice situation has improved.
VR 2
Ice situation has deteriorated.
VR 3
Ice has been broken up.
VR 4
Ice has opened or drifted away.
VR 5
New ice has been formed and/or the thickness of the ice has increased.
VR 6
Ice has been frozen together.
VR 7
Ice has drifted into the area or has been squeezed together.
VR 8
Warning of pressure ridges.
VR 9
Warning of hummocking or ice screwing.
VS
Effects of the ice on navigation:
VS 0
Unobstructed.
VS 1
Unobstructed for power-driven vessels built of iron or steel, dangerous for wooden vessels without ice protection.
VS 2
Difficult for low-powered vessels without the assistance of an icebreaker, dangerous for vessels of weak construction.
VS 3
Possible without icebreaker only for high-powered vessels of strong construction.
VS 4
Icebreaker assistance available in case of need.
VS 5
Proceed in channel without the assistance of icebreaker.
VS 6
Possible only with the assistance of an icebreaker.
VS 7
Icebreaker can give assistance only to ships strengthened for navigation in ice.
VS 8
Temporarily closed for navigation.
VS 9
Navigation has ceased.
VT
Danger of ice accretion on superstructure (for example, black frost).
VT 1
Danger of ice accretion on superstructure (for example, black frost).
VU
I have seen icefield in lat… long…
VV
Ice patrol ship is not on station.
VV 1
Ice patrol ship is on station.
Icebergs
VW
I have seen icebergs in lat… long…
VX
I have encountered one or more icebergs or growlers (with or without position and time).
VY
One or more icebergs or growlers have been reported (with or without position and time).
VZ
Navigation is dangerous in the area around lat… long… owing to iceberg(s).
VZ 1
Navigation is dangerous in the area around lat… long… owing to floating ice.
VZ 2
Navigation is dangerous in the area around lat… long… owing to pack ice.
ICEBREAKER‡
‡ Special single letter signals for use between icebreakers and assisted vessels can be found in Chapter 1, Section 10,
Pages 23 and 24.
*WA
Repeat word or group after…
* Procedural signals.
*WB
Repeat word or group before…
* Procedural signals.
WC
I am (or vessel indicated is) fast on ice and require(s) icebreaker assistance.
WC 1
Icebreaker is being sent to your assistance.
WD
Icebreaker is not available.
WD 1
WD 1 Icebreaker cannot render assistance at present.
WE
Navigation channel is being kept open by icebreaker.
WF
I can give icebreaker support only up to lat… long…
WG
Open channel or open area is in the direction in which aircraft is flying.
WH
I can only assist if you will make all efforts to follow.
WI
At what time will you follow at full speed?
WJ
The convoy will start at time indicated from here (or from lat… long…).
WK
You (or vessel indicated) will be number… in convoy.
WL
Icebreaker is stopping work during darkness.
*WM
Icebreaker support is now commencing. Use special icebreaker support signals and keep continuous watch for sound, visual, or radiotelephony signals.
* Procedural signals.
WN
Icebreaker is stopping work for… (number) hours or until more favorable conditions arise.
WO
Icebreaker support is finished. Proceed to your destination.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE—TEMPERATURE
Atmospheric Pressure
WP
Barometer is steady.
WP 1
Barometer is falling rapidly.
WP 2
Barometer is rising rapidly.
WQ
The barometer has fallen… (number) millibars during the past three hours.
WR
The barometer has risen… (number) millibars during the past three hours.
WS
Corrected atmospheric pressure at sea level is… (number) millibars.
WS 1
State corrected atmospheric pressure at sea level in millibars.
WT
Very deep depression is approaching from direction indicated (Complements Table 3, Chapter 2, Section 10, Page 102).
WU
There are indications of an intense depression forming in lat… long…
Temperature
WV
The air temperature is sub-zero (centigrade).
WV 1
The air temperature is expected to be sub-zero (centigrade).
SEA—SWELL
Sea
WW
What are the sea conditions in your area (or around lat… long…)?
WX
The true direction of the sea in tens of degrees is… (number following indicates tens of degrees).
WY
The state of the sea is… (Complements 0-9 corresponding to the following table which measures wave height):
Editorial Note: The table is omitted here.
WZ
What are the forecast sea conditions in my area (or area around lat… long…)?
XA
The true direction of the sea in tens of degrees is expected to be… (number following indicates tens of degrees).
XB
The state of the sea is expected to be… (Complements 0-9 as in the table above).
Swel
XC
What are the swell conditions in your area (or area around lat… long…)?
XD
The true direction of the swell in tens of degrees is… (number following indicates tens of degrees).
XE
The state of the swell is… (Complements 0-9 corresponding to the following table):
Editorial Note: The table is omitted here.
XF
What are the forecast swell conditions in my area (or area around lat… long…)?
XG
The true direction of the swell in tens of degrees is expected to be… (number following indicates tens of degrees).
XH
The state of the swell is expected to be… (Complements 0-9 as in the table above).
VISIBILITY—FOG
XI
Indicate visibility.
XJ
Visibility is… (number) tenths of nautical miles.
XK
Visibility is variable between… and… (maximum and minimum in tenths of nautical miles).
XL
Visibility is decreasing.
XL 1
Visibility is increasing.
XL 2
Visibility is variable.
XM
What is the forecast visibility in my area (or area around lat… long…)?
XN
Visibility is expected to be… (number) tenths of nautical miles.
XO
Visibility is expected to decrease.
XO 1
Visibility is expected to increase.
XO 2
Visibility is expected to be variable.
XP
I am (or vessel indicated is) stopped in thick fog.
XP 1
I am entering zone of restricted visibility.
WEATHER—WEATHER FORECAST
XQ
What weather are you experiencing?
XR
Weather is good.
XR 1
Weather is bad.
XR 2
Weather is moderating.
XR 3
Weather is deteriorating.
XS
Weather report is not available.
XT
Weather expected is bad.
XT 1
Weather expected is good.
XT 2
No change is expected in the weather.
XT 3
What weather is expected?
XU
You should wait until the weather moderates.
XU 1
I will wait until the weather moderates.
XV
Please give weather forecast for my area (or area around lat… long…) in *MAFOR Code.
* MAFOR is the prefix used to identify an International Coded Weather Forecast for Shipping.
WIND
XW
What is the true direction and force of wind in your area (or area around lat… long…)?
XX
True direction of wind is… (Complements Table 3, Chapter 2, Section 10, Page 102).
XY
Wind force is Beaufort Scale… (numerals 0-12).
XZ
What is the wind doing?
XZ 1
The wind is backing.
XZ 2
The wind is veering.
XZ 3
The wind is increasing.
XZ 4
The wind is squally.
XZ 5
The wind is steady in force.
XZ 6
The wind is moderating.
YA
What wind direction and force is expected in my area (or area around lat… long…)?
YB
True direction of wind is expected to be… (Complements Table 3, Chapter 2, Section 10, Page 102).
YC
Wind force expected is Beaufort Scale… (numerals 0-12).
YD
What is the wind expected to do?
YD 1
The wind is expected to back.
YD 2
The wind is expected to veer.
YD 3
The wind is expected to increase.
YD 4
The wind is expected to become squally.
YD 5
The wind is expected to remain steady in force.
YD 6
The wind is expected to moderate.
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